Stories by Terry Lilley

CRITTER: The story behind Hawai‘i corals and their colors

When we are out snorkeling here in Hawai‘i we all see hard stony coral that has different colors. Coral is made up of a hard calcium carbonate structure that is similar to the concrete we build condominiums out of on land. The hard calcium structure protects the soft clear coral polyps from being washed away in the surf much like a house on land protects soft bodied humans from washing away in a storm.

CRITTER: Uhu the parrotfish goes through sex change to reproduce

Seeing a large male parrotfish out on the reef is very exciting because they are so colorful with bright blue, green, purple,red and yellow markings. These large male breeders are called “super males” and they usually can be found along with four or five females that have a dull reddish reef color. At one time in their life the large adult males used to be females!

CRITTER: More jellyfish on our beaches lately due to Kona winds

Hawai‘i has more than 15 jellyfish species that float around our islands and sometimes show up on our beaches. The box jellyfish is a small stinging species that often shows up on our south side beaches and stings swimmers. Jellyfish alerts are common when the box jellies are spotted.

CRITTER: Light plays tricks on deep water red fish

Most fishermen here in Hawai‘i have caught red fish like the aweoweo, mempachi and kumu that live in caves near shore or deep water fish like the onaga and ehu. Have you ever wondered why all of these fish are bright red?

CRITTER: Seahorse romance and pregnant dads

We have native seahorses here in Hawai‘i but they are quite rare, but in other Pacific islands like the Philippines they are super common. I always wondered why, but after learning how they mate and produce offspring I now understand why we rarely see them in Hawaiian waters.

CRITTER: Understanding origin of humuhumu-nukunuku-a-pua‘a name

As a marine biologist studying Hawaiian reef fish all throughout the Hawaiian chain I like how the Hawaiian people have named their fish species! The Hawaiian name has a meaning which often describes how the fish looks, its behavior and or its connection to land animals and plants. To better understand each fish species it is good to understand its Hawaiian name but that can sometimes be difficult.

CRITTER: Tunnels reef sharks, monk seals and divers

Tunnels reef on the north shore of Kaua‘i is very unique as it is a sunken volcanic caldera that is part on land and part in the sea. On the outside edge of the old volcano are lava tubes which were formed from giant gas bubbles when the volcano came to life millions of years ago. Today these underwater lava tubes are habitat for several shark species, monk seals and us divers so we all have to get along together in a one of a kind relationship!

CRITTER: Kikakapu the butterfly fish, chasing a monk seal

When I first started scuba diving many years ago in Kaua‘i I noticed large schools of kikakapu (butterflyfish) following me around while diving. I was thrilled to have this happen but very confused as butterflyfish usually feed on sick or dying coral polyps so why are they following me around.

CRITTER: Hawaiian corals are nature’s sea wall

Have you noticed lately that there are a lot of beach erosion articles in the newspapers here in Hawai‘i? Almost everyday the news covers a story about a house or road falling into the sea or onto the beach. These articles usually talk about “climate change” and rising sea levels as the causes for massive coastal erosion but most of the time the articles miss one of the main causes of our beach erosion problems!

CRITTER: Hawai‘i the land of puhi — the moray eel

While scuba diving in Palau we came upon a three foot long speckled moray eel and the divers with cameras lined up underwater to get a picture of it while I just ignored the eel and kelp diving with the hopes of finding a giant humphead wrasse!

CRITTER: Why do our humpback whales breach?

Humpback whales migrate to Hawai‘i from Alaska in the fall and stay in the warm waters of Hawai‘i for several months until spring to give birth and mate. Whale watching tours are extremely popular especially in January, February and March when the whales do a lot of breaching. It is exciting to see these giant creatures launch completely out of the water and come crashing down with a big splash!