SARAJEVO, Bosnia-Herzegovina — Thousands of Bosnians, many wearing masks, demonstrated Saturday against a Mass in Sarajevo for Croatia’s Nazi-allied soldiers and civilians killed by partisan forces at the end of World War II.
The Mass in Sarajevo was a replacement for a controversial annual gathering usually held in Bleiburg, Austria, which was canceled due to restrictions imposed by the coronavirus pandemic. Another small replacement event took place Saturday at a cemetery in Zagreb, Croatia.
The decision to hold the Mass in Sarajevo provoked a strong backlash in a country where the memory of ethnic war in the 1990s is still fresh. It was condemned by Bosnia’s Serbian Orthodox Church, the Jewish and Muslim communities and several antifascist organizations.
Protesters walked through the city singing anti-fascist songs and holding up photos of resistance members who were tortured and killed by Nazi-allied Croatian forces during their rule over Sarajevo during World War II.
Zvonimir Nikolic, a 57-year-old economist, called the Mass a “disaster for Sarajevo.”
“Sarajevo is among a few cities in the world where this mass should never be held because the regime it commemorates committed monstrous crimes in Sarajevo,” said Nikolic, who is Catholic.
Protesters were prevented by police from reaching the Sacred Heart Cathedral, where the Mass was led by the highest-ranking clergyman of the Catholic Church in Bosnia, Archbishop Vinko Puljic.
Protesters described the Mass as a thinly veiled attempt to rehabilitate the pro-fascist nationalist movement brought to power in Croatia by Nazi German forces when they occupied Yugoslavia in 1941.
Their protest was one of the largest religiously and ethnically mixed antifascist gatherings in Bosnia in over two decades.
“This is a horrifying farce. Sarajevo and Bosnia-Herzegovina do not deserve this,” said Sead Sahovic, a Muslim protester who was born in the Stara Gradiska concentration camp, which was run by Croatian soldiers during the war.
Bosnia’s Catholic Church says the Mass honored all innocent victims of the war and postwar era, including all those killed without trial.
Croatian forces oversaw the Holocaust in Sarajevo, resulting in the murder of more than 7,000 of the city’s 10,000 Jews. Tens of thousands of Serbian, Roma, and Bosnian and Croatian anti-fascists were also sent to death camps.
For Croatian nationalists, the annual Mass symbolizes their suffering under communism in the former Yugoslavia. However, in recent years, Croatia has increasingly been criticized for historical revisionism. The annual Mass in Bleiburg, and the one in Sarajevo, have been held under the tutelage of the Croatian parliament.
